echo off 
REM File name	: databaseBackup.bat
REM Author		: Ling
REM Description	: Backup SQL server in file format.
REM Syntax		: databaseBackup <<user_name>> <<password>> <<serverName>> <<databaseName>>

REM Initial settings.
set currentDateTime=%date:~6,4%%date:~3,2%%date:~0,2%%time:~0,2%%time:~3,2%%time:~3,2%
set userName=%1
set password=%2
set serverName=%3
set databaseName=%4

set BACKUPFILENAME=%databaseName%-%currentDateTime%.bak
set logFilePath=C:\DBBackup\log\%currentDateTime%_%serverName%_%databaseName%.log

echo %date% database backup start, file name: %BACKUPFILENAME%
echo %date% database backup start, file name: %BACKUPFILENAME% >> %logFilePath%
sqlcmd -U %userName% -P %password% -S %serverName% -Q "BACKUP DATABASE [%databaseName%] TO DISK = '%BACKUPFILENAME%' WITH FORMAT" -b >> %logFilePath%
if %ERRORLEVEL% EQU 0 (
	echo %date% backup success. 
	echo %date% backup success. >> %logFilePath%
	echo log located in %logFilePath%
) ELSE (
	echo %date% backup failure.
	echo %date% backup failure. >> %logFilePath%
	echo log located in %logFilePath%
	exit /b 1
)

值得一提是在指令sqlcmd 中, -b 是指將結果以errorlevel 傳回, 以確定結果能否順利執行, 否則全部都會得到0.

而 exit 中, /b <<error_level_number>> 結束執行時傳回的errorlevel. 以讓執行的program 知道其結果.

USE master;
--Set the database to single mode.
ALTER DATABASE <<dbName>>
SET SINGLE_USER WITH ROLLBACK IMMEDIATE

--Try to rename the database.
ALTER DATABASE <<dbName>> MODIFY NAME = <<NewDBName>>

--Set the database to Multiuser mode.
ALTER DATABASE <<NewDBName>>
SET MULTI_USER WITH ROLLBACK IMMEDIATE

EXEC sp_who2;

之後再檢查欄DBName, 找出相對應的SPID, 之後再執行KILL 指令.

kill <<SPID>>;

通常有關的SPID 都不只一個, 若要批量形式 KILL 的話, 可以利用SQL script 如下

declare @DBName varchar(60);
declare @killCommand varchar(60);
declare @id int;

set @DBName='<<TargetDataBase>>';

declare processIdCursor cursor for
select P.spid
FROM master..sysprocesses P,
master..sysdatabases D
WHERE
D.dbid = P.dbid
and d.NAME=@DBName
;
open processIdCursor
FETCH NEXT FROM processIdCursor INTO @id 
WHILE @@FETCH_STATUS = 0
begin
	set @killCommand = 'KILL ' + convert(varchar(8) ,@id)+';';
	print @killCommand;
	exec(@killCommand);
	FETCH NEXT FROM processIdCursor INTO @id 
END   
CLOSE processIdCursor   
DEALLOCATE processIdCursor

要檢查的話, 可以執行以下SQL statement 去查看現在的Instance 名稱.

SELECT @@SERVERNAME AS 'Server Name';

若要修改的話, 則要執行以下SQL script.

sp_dropserver '<<Old Server Name>>';
GO
sp_addserver '<<New Server Name>>', local;
GO

Restart SQL server 後, 再執行上便的Select statement 確定結果.

Reference

boltblog, https://blog.dhampir.no/content/renaming-an-mssql-instance-invalid-urn-filter-on-server-level

1. 先下載及安裝Oracle Client. 於Option 中選擇 Runtime only 便可;
   • 64 bit
      http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/database/windows/downloads/index-090165.html
   • 32 Bit 
     http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/topics/dotnet/utilsoft-086879.html
2. 安裝後開啟SQL Server Management Studio (SSMS), 用sa 權限登入後, 打開Server Objects > Linked Servers > Providers, 確定Oracle Data Provider 已經安裝.
   
3. 設定在SQL server 中使用 Provider, 令它可以存取相關的Providor dll files.
   在OraOLEDB.Oracle 中右鍵>Property, ;在 General > Provider Option 中剔取Allow Inprocess
   
4. 開始建立Oracle Linked Server.
   在Linked Server 中右鍵, 選取New Linked Server.
5. 在Oracle 中, 設定如下:
   1. Linked Name: Linked Server 的名字
   2. Provider: Oracle Provide for OLE DB
   3. Product Name: Oracle
   4. Data Source: tnsname 的名字, 可以在%ORACLE_HOME%\client_1\NETWORK\ADMIN\tnsname.ora 中找到.
6. 選取Security, 選取Be made using this security context, 並在此輸入預設的Credential. 
   
7. 執行SQL statement 進行測試, 若有column 傳回表示測試成功.
   

有時除了table 外, 若要執行Oracle 的 store procedure /package function, 則須要再另外設定如下:

1. 在安裝Oracle Client 時, 選擇Custom Install 並剔取Oracle Services For Microsoft Transaction Server.
   
2. 開啟SQL server 的Component Services, 選取Component Services > Computers > My Computer > Distributed Transaction Coordinator >Local DTC, 右鍵選取Properties
   
3. 開啟Security Tag, 剔取Network DTC Access, Allow Remote Client, Allow Inbount 和Allow Outbound 後按OK, 之後會重新啟動MSDTC.
   

Reference

• Connecting SQL Server and Oracle Using Linked Servers, Michael Otey, SQL Server Pro, http://sqlmag.com/sql-server/connecting-sql-server-and-oracle-using-linked-servers
• How to get up and running with Oracle and Linked Servers, psssql, Microsoft, https://blogs.msdn.microsoft.com/psssql/2015/07/31/how-to-get-up-and-running-with-oracle-and-linked-servers/

Msg 468, Level 16, State 9, Line 11
Cannot resolve the collation conflict between “Chinese_Taiwan_Bopomofo_BIN” and “Chinese_Hong_Kong_Stroke_90_CI_AS” in the equal to operation.

這是因為不同 database 的collate setting 不同而令join table 時出現問題. 若想知道自己database, 可以於SSMS 中的database 中右鍵 > Properties, 在General 中會見到其相對應的 Collate.

要解決的話, 最直接的方法就是在join table 時加入 COLLATE database_default, 使SQL server join table 預設用預設的collate. 用法如下:

SELECT User.*
FROM User U, [RemoteDatabase].[Authorization].dbo.Privilege P
WHERE U.UserID=P.UserID COLLATE Database_Default
;

若在須要保留相同user name 下, 便須要執行SP sp_change_users_login 指回正確的user / login.

語法如下:

EXEC sp_change_users_login 'Update_One', '<<user name>>', '<<login name>>';

Reference

• sp_change_users_login (Transact-SQL), Microsoft TechNet

使用時EntityFramework 會直接call SQL server function 並return 其value.

[DbFunction("hkcfDataModel.Store", "GetDonorName")]
public string GetDonorName(string nvchCompanyName, string nvchTcFirstName, string nvchTcLastName, string nvchTcPrefix, string vchEnFirstName, string vchEnLastName, string vchEnPrefix, string vchLang)
{
    throw new NotSupportedException("Direct call does not supported.");
}

在SQL server 中, 可以利用bcp command 進行table level 的backup / restore. 做法如下.

## Backup pledge table. ensure user have proper privilege.
bcp "select * from [DB_NAME].dbo.[TABLE_NAME]" queryout "[BKUP_FILE_NAME].bcp" -N -S <<Server Name>> -T -E -k

## Restore
bcp "[DB_NAME].dbo.[TABLE_NAME]" in "[BKUP_FILE_NAME].bcp" -N -S <<Server Name>> -T -E -b 10000

然而, 在restore 前, 但它有部份限制:

• 會被key constrain 限制restore.
• 須要Truncate table 才能夠進行restore.

當然, 如果只用作backup 又restore到不同table 的話, 還有更快的方法:

SELECT * INTO [NEW_TABLE_NAME] FROM [ORIGINAL_TABLE_NAME]